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| S & L
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Savings and Loan. Financial institution that specializes in originating, servicing and holding mortgage loans, primarily on owner-occupied, residential property. S & L's also make home-improvement loans and loans to investors for apartments, industrial property and commercial real estate. Approximately 40% of the S & L's are federally chartered, the rest are state chartered. Federal charters are members of the Federal Home Loan Bank System (FHLBS). All federally chartered S& L's are owned by depositors and the word "federal" must appear in their title. State chartered S & L's can be either mutually owed or stock associations. They have optional membership in both the FHLBS and the FSLIC. |
| S TRAP
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A plumbing trap that takes the shape of the letter S and is used where a waste pipe feeds into the floor instead of the wall, which uses a P Trap. Disallowed in many parts of the country, they can create a siphoning situation, pulling water out of the trap. |
| S-BEAM
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Structural steel beam with a letter S shaped cross-section. S-beams are used for support with long spans such as basement beams or over wide openings. S-beams should always be slightly larger than the calculated size, ensuring enough strength for the weight it will support. |
| S-TYPE FUSE
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Electrical fuse which uses a threaded adapter to accept only a fuse of a specific current rating. When an adapter is installed in a fuse box socket, it can't be removed and, since it will only accept the specific rating fuse needed, it prevents a fuse with the wrong rating from being installed, which could result in a fuse box fire. Building codes require the use of an S-type fuse in buildings with fuse boxes. |
| SABER SAW
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Portable power saw with a narrow blade that moves back and forth to make cuts. The blades which are held by a vertical collar with an attached metal shoe that rest on the work in progress, can be changed to suit the various materials to be cut. The blades of 5/16 of an inch or less are suited to cut around curves and corners and the vertical collar can hold the blade at different angles to the work, allowing flexibility to turn the blade in a different direction from the saw body. |
| SABIN
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The unit for absorption of sound equal to the absorption provided by one square foot of a completely absorbing material, which is used to measure the ability of materials to absorb sound. |
| SACKING
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Rubbing a mixture of cement and sand, with a coarse material, into a finished concrete surface to repair any minor blemishes. |
| SACRIFICIAL ANODE
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Metal rod inserted into a water heater for the purpose of extending the life of the tank. |
| SADDLE
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Also called a cricket, this peaked structure diverts water at the juncture of a roof slope and a chimney or two roof slopes. |
| SADDLE TAP
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Method used to tap into main piping systems where lines walls are too thin for drilling or tapping. Even with a line under pressure, a service clamp is fastened around the main line with the corporation stop threaded into the clamp. When a corporation stop is in place, a service line can be attached and the stop opened to activate the line. |
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