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| Salt glaze
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Glossy finish for masonry, after it is fired with salt, caused by a thermochemical reaction of salt with the silicates in the masonry clay, and produces a smooth and almost impenetrable surface finish. Bricks of this type are easy to clean and are often used where the environment is harsh or where there is a chance for exposure to chemical or gases. |
| Salt gradient solar ponds
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Consist of three main layers. The top layer is near ambient and has low salt content. The bottom layer is hot, typically 160 F to 212 F (71 C to 100 C), and is very salty. The important gradient zone separates these zones. The gradient zone acts as a transparent insulator, permitting the sunlight to be trapped in the hot bottom layer (from which useful heat is withdrawn). This is because the salt gradient, which increases the brine density with depth, counteracts the buoyancy effect of the warmer water below (which would otherwise rise to the surface and lose its heat to the air). An organic Rankine cycle engine is used to convert the thermal energy to electricity. |
| Saltbox style
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Early-American, 2 or 2-1Ú2 story style from the Colonial period. The house is square or rectangular with a steep gable roof that extends down to the first floor in the rear of the building. |
| Saltillo tile
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Adobe type tile made of clay and other natural raw materials, molded and allowed to dry. Not a fired clay product. |
| Salvage value
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Estimated value that an asset will have at the end of its useful life. |
| Sampling
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Method of obtaining tile for testing from an agreed upon lot. |
| Sand cone test
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Test used for comparison of the densities of a soil sample with a Proctor test sample of soil from the same area. The Proctor test sample weight, with 100 percent density, known as the factor, is used to determine the correct portion of water that must be in soil for optimum compaction. |
| Sand finish
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A final plaster coat; a skim coat. |
| Sand sawn finish limestone
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Limestone which has a moderately smooth sawn surface. |
| Sand-portland cement grout
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An on-the-job mixture of portland cement, fine graded sand, , lime and water. |
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