Rafter which strengthens a roof by running at an angle from eave to ridge and which gives support to cripple rafters, valley jack rafters and the shortened valley rafter adjacent to the same hip.
Suppression
Suppression is the most aggressive fire protection strategy. The goal of suppression is to totally extinguish the fire.
Surety
One who guarantees the performance of another, such as agreeing to pay the debts of another if that person does not.
Surface
The top level of an object or structure.
Surface abrasion test
This test is for glazed tiles only. It is based on the P.E.I. rating system(Porcelain Enamel Institute)A number of sample tiles are subjected to rotation with an abrasive material on their surface(contained in a cup). After a pre-determined number of revolution cycles the specimen is removed. This is repeated for a eight periods of cycle rotations; 100 rotations, 150,600,750,1500, 2100, 6000 and 12,000. The tile that shows no wear at 12,000 rotations is then subjected to a staining test. If it passes the stain test it is then classed as a grade V tile. Each piece is then compared in a viewing box to a new piece if there are no visible signs of wear it is considered to have passed to that level. There are six levels that can be achieved by this test method (0 to 5)0 to V.
Surface cleanser
Liquid or gel designed to break down surface dirt or scum for easy cleaning.
Surface erosion
The effect on a surface after being worn away from abrasion or weathering.
Surface fuel
Fuels lying on or near the surface of the ground, consisting of leaf and needle litter, dead branch material, downed logs, bark, tree cones, and low stature living plants.
Surface gauge
Gauge, consisting of a base with an adjustable vertical rod that projects from it and holds the scribe that is used for scribing lines at a given height. The gauge base is put on a level surface with two pieces to be scribed. When the gauge base is slid on the surface and the scribe is adjusted to the proper height, two pieces of work at identical heights can be marked.
Surface lumber
Lumber that is dressed by running it through a planer.
