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Range Hoods and Kitchen Ventilation

A kitchen ventilation system and range hood impact the home’s indoor air quality and décor, so when building or remodeling, give ventilation planning the attention it deserves.
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While other appliances like microwaves and ovens have venting needs, they do not usually require a separate ventilation system. Ovens built below a cooktop sometimes vent through one of the burners, allowing air to rise into the hood or be captured by a downdraft. Wall-mounted ovens will often vent to the front of the appliance and into the general room air.

Grease filters may be mesh or baffled and should be removable for easy cleaning. Mesh filters are standard and have multiple layers of mesh to maximize grease-catching capacity. A baffle filter is commonly found in restaurants and traps grease in shaped metal channels. “Baffle filters are more efficient,” says Avery, “and they tend to better complement the style of a hood.”

Sizing for Safe Ventilation
Ventilation systems measure power in cubic feet per minute or CFM. The higher the CFM rating, the more air the system will move. Range hoods should extend beyond the edge of the cooktop and have a power matched to their size. Peter Solerno, a kitchen designer in New Jersey, recommends at least an 800 CFM system for any 36” commercial stove. “A 48-inch unit would probably require as much as 1000-1200 CFM,” he says.

More powerful systems draw a significant amount of air and may require a make-up air system to protect the home from negative pressure. Negative pressure occurs when a strong air draw, like ventilation, calls for more intake than the household air can provide, forcing it to pull against other venting appliances like furnaces and hot-water heaters. This tug of war can cause those appliances to backdraft, bringing noxious fumes and dangerous byproducts of combustion, like carbon monoxide, into the home. It is important that the ventilation unit not be too powerful for the home without a make-up air system to support it. A kitchen ventilation specialist can do the math and make appropriate recommendations.

Controlling Ventilation Noise
It is a common misconception that the noise from a range hood or ventilation system is caused by the fan. “The noise is mainly from the sound of the air being drawn through the filters,” says Avery. The sound level of a ventilation system, measured in sones, is one of the reasons why homeowners do not regularly use their ventilation systems. To avoid the noise, homeowners sometimes choose remote blowers that locate the motor on the roof or outside the home. However, remote blowers are usually more powerful and draw more air through the filters, which can cause even greater noise.

Homeowners looking for quieter models should look at the sone rating, which is unique to the ventilation industry. A sone rating of about 5.5 or less is desirable. For comparison’s sake, a quiet refrigerator produces a sound equivalent of about 3 sones.


Text by Benjamin Hardy
© 2006 BobVila.com

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