The Scientific Way - Chord Length

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The formula is: (Assuming 8 sides, cut at 11.75 degrees, 14.75 radius)

Theta = 22.5° * PI / 180°
Chord = 2R * SIN(Theta/2) = 5.755

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If you're doing 6 sides, theta changes to 30° * PI/180°.

The cuts are mitred at half of the angle -> 6 sides in a semicircle = 180°/6 = 30° -> mitre at 15° (since you are joining two pices each cut at 15° to make a total of 30°.)

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http://mathforum.com/dr.math/faq/faq.circle.segment.html#13