This is a tough question. One way to boil this all down is to compare what do you get for your money. " Apples to apples and oranges to oranges".
You will have to find a common denominator. Example Electricity is sold by the Kilowatt/ Hour.
Natural gas is sold by Therms or 1000 cubic feet.
Oil by the gallon. What is the cost of KW/Hr electricity lets say 8 cents one Kilowatt equals 3413 btu of heat therefore divide 3413 by 8=426.625 btus of heat for one cent.
For Natural gas you will have to find the cost per unit and ask how btu's of heat is in that unit and divide by the cost to find how many btu's your getting per cent. Now how efficient is the furnace you are about to install( 80% or 92% etc?)
You will then have to multiply by .8 or .92 etc to
compare to to electricity at 100%.Lets say after divding the Nat. gas energy cost by the number of pennies and you end up with 1300 btu's per cent then multipy x .80 (for a mid-efficient furnace) you end up 1040 for example. Now you can make the ratio 1040:427 for Electric:Nat Gas. In other words if you divide 1040 divide by 427 you end up with 2.44 to 100. Now you can say for enevery dollar a I spend on Natrual Gas I'll spend $2.44 of Electricity.
You can make this comparision with Oil. You will have to find the cost per gallon and ask the supplier the btu's per gallon of oil. The nyou have to factor in the efficiency of the furnace.
You could make a comparsion with coal or wood by asking the cost per ton of coal,and the btu's per pound of coal. Or the amount of btu's per cord of wood and dividing by the amount of pennies . You can compare very thing by this method.
There may be other related cost involved, comparing one fuel source over another. Like taxes, delivery charges, tank rentals for propane etc.
You may be able to find this already boiled down for you at your state level somewhere.
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