A breaker doesn't trip instantly from an overload.....and you didn't indicate any heavy usage just lots of connections........
The reason the breaker trips instantly is from a dead SHORT.......
A common Newbie mistake: ONE CAUSE is a SWITCH LOOP* that has them confused and you connect the Black to Black and the White to White.......flip the switch: dead short!
ANOTHER CAUSE...."poor workmanship"
.......wires touching.....insulation broken and contacting......missing fittings causing rubs and burns.........bad/crowded connections
To TEST the breaker .....simply SHUT IT OFF......use a tester to verify it is OFF.....disconnect the single wire to the breaker.....turn the breaker back ON and check for voltage at the breaker (without any load).......does it stay ON ?
If you can't figure it out call in a PRO or a knowledgeable friend.........
*SWITCH LOOP....HINT:.....they're actually both used as BLACK wires.....and should be indicated as such with marker or tape........A switch is always connected BETWEEN the HOT and the fixture to "make and break" the circuit.....